In 1874, General Oliver Otis Howard, who had served in the Civil War was the Commander of the Department Columbia took command of any Indian conflicts in the region. General Howard’s fame in the Northwest came from his command and actions during the Nez Perce War. In 1876 General Howard visited the Grand Ronde Indian … More General Howard Visits Grand Ronde, 1876
For years, I have stated that the tribes did not have bison in Oregon, so they would not have made tipis. This is why the tribes have plankhouses and longhouses made from woven mats. Tipis require a large animal to cover the tipi with their hides. This has made sense to most people. We … More Bison of the Western Rockies
*Note- these speeches were transcribed from reports in the M234 microfilms for the Washington Superintendency. They occur near the end of the Cayuse War when it appears that the Army assumed that The Nez Perce were hiding members of the Cayuses, relatives of the Nez Perces. What the transcriptions do not detail is that the … More Negotiating Colonization in Eastern Oregon: Nez Perce Speeches
