Tag: palmer

Anthropology, colonization, General History, Grand Ronde Reservation, Kalapuya, Oregon indians, treaties2 Comments

Stories of Change Among the Clackamas at Grand Ronde

David G. Lewis, PhD

The Clackamas Come to Grand Ronde Reservation Preparing to Leave The Clackamas are addressed in letters as living in small encampments near Oregon City. They likely had a small site at Wilamet village on the Clackamas, and a small reserve on the west side of the river at the falls. Victoria Howard’s family appear to have lived away from Oregon City as when they are removed, they first go to Oregon City. From there they would walk up the portage to Canemah and catch a steamer, or in this story a barge, to Dayton. They had to leave most of … Continue reading Stories of Change Among the Clackamas at Grand Ronde

General History, Grand Ronde Reservation, Oregon Coast, Oregon indians4 Comments

Contributions of William and Almira Raymond to Native Administration in Oregon

David G. Lewis, PhD

William Raymond was a sub-Indian agent from 1851 until at least 1857. He administered the tribes first at the Astoria sub-agency, then later moved the agency to Tillamook. In 1856-1857 he was at the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation. Raymond and his wife Almira were among the members of the Great Reinforcement, a contingent of largely religious missionaries attracted to Oregon by Methodist minister Jason Lee, to aid in the conversion of the Indians from savagery to Christianity. They arrived in June 1840 on the steamer Lausanne, from New York, stopping at Hawaii and landing at Fort Vancouver. The Raymonds were … Continue reading Contributions of William and Almira Raymond to Native Administration in Oregon

assimilation, General History, Oregon indians, treatiesLeave a comment

Differential Immigration and Citizenship in the 19th Century in Oregon

David G. Lewis, PhD

The immigration debate that is being discussed nationally, has caused me to think about what immigration was like in the 19th century in Oregon. Too often today immigrants are discussed as being synonymous with “criminals” as if the very action of immigration is a criminal act. But, as many know, immigration into the USA has been one of the mainstays of the American democracy, its how the US got so many people from so many countries seeking a new country to survive and thrive in. In the 19th century Americans took to immigrating into the Oregon Territory without requesting this … Continue reading Differential Immigration and Citizenship in the 19th Century in Oregon

General History, Oregon indians, Rogue Valley, treaties7 Comments

Treaty of Peace with the Rogue River Tribes, September 8, 1853

David G. Lewis, PhD

Previous to the seven ratified treaties with the tribes of western Oregon there were two treaties of peace with the Rogue River tribes. The treaty of 1850, is mentioned in a few documents, but no text thus far has been produced (as far as I am aware). However, the 1853 Treaty of Peace is well described in many scholarly texts (Whaley OE, Schwartz 1997), and there is a copy of the treaty in microfilm records (M234 Oregon R. 608). I do not recall that the original treaty has been recovered in federal archives. The treaty is not noted among the … Continue reading Treaty of Peace with the Rogue River Tribes, September 8, 1853

columbia river, dart, General History, Oregon indians, treaties, Willamette Valley2 Comments

Anson Dart and the Willamette Treaty Commission

David G. Lewis, PhD

Many scholars of Oregon tribal history have assumed, as have I, that Anson Dart, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Oregon from 1850 to 1852 was responsible for negotiating treaties with the western Oregon tribes. In fact, numerous histories of this time intimately describe these responsibilities, but this may not have been originally Dart’s responsibility at all. I recently wrote an essay about Dart’s orders. His orders were to manage whiskey trade, aid in the assimilation of the tribes, set up tribal jurisdictions, maintain the peace, and undermine Hudson’s Bay Company among the tribes. In fact, there is no mention … Continue reading Anson Dart and the Willamette Treaty Commission